Verdiales a tipical musical culture in Malaga Province
The verdiales: a typical fandango from the province of Malaga
In this article you will find all the information you need to know about the Verdiales :
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- What are the verdiales?
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- The styles of verdiales
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- The members of a group (panda) of verdiales
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- Origins of the verdiales
- Where to see verdiales?
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- During Holy Week at the hermitage of the Verdiales
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- During the Fiesta Mayor de Verdiales in Malaga
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- At the hermitage of the three 3 cruces
- In Axarquia, Comares, El Borge and Benagalbon
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What are the verdiales?
The verdiales are: a very old musical culture which is a real delight to discover; all the more so as this folklore mixes history, celebration, culture, music and dance.
The Fiesta de Verdiales is one of the most deeply rooted cultural expressions in Malaga.
It is a musical genre (fandango) unique to the province of Málaga and especially to the small regions (comarcas) of : Valle del Guadalhorce, Montes de Malaga, and Axarquia. The particularity of this musical and folkloric genre is that there are 3 different dance styles. These are the “Comares type”, the “Almogia type” and the “Montes type”.
The styles of this musical genre
The Almogía style
Special feature: it is the fastest of the three musical styles.
The Montes style
Special feature: this is the preferred style of the Malagueñas who like to dance it a lot and the tambourine has a much larger diameter than in the other styles.
The Comares style
Special feature: it is the richest musically speaking.
Below is a video of a panda de verdiales de Comares (the music starts a few seconds after the video starts):
The members of a group (panda) of verdiales
These groups – called pandas – are composed of :
– musicians :
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- a violin (only 3 strings of the violin are used)
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- guitars (which are worn “high”),
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- a tambourine,
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- cymbals,
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- castanets,
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– singers, – dancers, – and the mayor (alcalde, who acts as conductor),
The mayor’s wand is made of an olive branch and coloured threads.
– a flag bearer (abanderao) who carries an Andalusian flag or a patron saint.
The member of a panda and the supporter of Verdiales is usually called fiestero or tonto,
For the latter, it is a nickname linked to the fact that the Fiesta Mayor de Verdiales traditionally takes place on 28 December, the feast of the Santos Inocentes (Holy Innocents). This nickname also comes from the fact that, during the shows given in the farms, the pandas de verdiales gave the money collected to their parish instead of keeping it for themselves!
A use that has now disappeared:
At the end of the year (around 28 December) the Verdial pandas would go from farm to farm performing and collecting money for their parish. It was customary to ring a sea conch with coloured ribbons to signal the arrival of the group at neighbouring farms.
Origins of this folkloric genre
The word “verdiales” seems to derive its name from the province’s olive groves and in particular from the variety of olive grown in Axarquia: the verdial de Velez
This authentic tradition is in the process of being declared an asset of cultural and ethnological interest.
Here are the reasons:
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- Verdiales are the oldest floklore in Europe. After having thought for a long time that this fandango was just a little older than flamenco, it seems established today that the first origins of this fandango come from Crete almost 3000 years ago.
- The use of hats with flowers and ribbons was found there and is still worn today
sombrero de verdiales-
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This musical style has evolved very little, it has retained its primitive nature and therefore all its authenticity
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- Unlike other Andalusian artistic events that have been denaturalised, the verdiales have continued to be passed down from father to son without interruption until today.
Where to see verdiales ?
The ermita de verdiales
Located in the Montes de Málaga. It was a parish church until the middle of the 20th century and is loved by all Verdiales fans, as it houses their patron saint, the Virgen de los Dolores. During Holy Week there is a procession to Ntra Sra de los Dolores on the first Sunday. Below 3 videos of the 2022 procession to the hermitage of Verdiales
In the hermitage, there is even a dedicated area for fiesteros!
Location of the Ermita de verdiales
The Fiesta Mayor de Verdiales in Malaga on 28 December, the day of the Holy Innocents
Below is the poster for this celebration on 28 December 2022 in Malaga.
This is the biggest verdial festival of the year. It brings together all types of verdiales. The festival takes place on 28 December each year, on the day of the Holy Innocents.
It takes place in Malaga in the Parque Jiménez Díaz in Puerto de la Torre. For the exact location in Malaga: see here
The party starts at 12 noon, and this year 25 verdial pandas will be present:
- Montes style pandas
- PRIMERA DE LOS MONTES
- PRIMERA DEL PUERTO
- EL MANANTIAL
- JOTRÓN Y LOMILLAS
- BATANÁ
- SANTO PÍTAR
- MONTES DE GUADALMEDINA
- LA TORRE
- MOCLINEJO
- SANTA CATALINA
- PRIMERA DE BENAGALBÓN
- Almogía style pandas
- RAÍCES DE ALMOGÍA
- DE ALMOGÍA
- COTO TRES HERMANAS
- EL CAPITÁN
- RAÍCES DE LOS MORAS
- EL SEXMO
- LOS MORAS
- Comares style pandas :
- EL BORGE
- SAN ISIDRO DE PERIANA
- PRIMERA DE COMARES
- ARROYO CONCA (Comares)
- VÉLEZ MÁLAGA
- RÁICES DE MÁLAGA
- AXARQUÍA
During this fiesta prizes are awarded for the best:
- fiesta
- couple dance
- the braid dance
- the flag dance
- best singer
- “Las Mellizas del Túnel” category best dancer under 12 years old
At the hermitage of las 3 cruces
It is a small hermitage located in the mountains of Álora, on the border of the municipalities of Almogîa, Álora and Cártama. It dates from the 18th century. This hermitage is a temple with three naves, each corresponding to one of its three parishes (the three municipalities). However, it has been joined by that of Pizarra. And today, four processions from these four municipalities meet in the “cruces de mayo” (crosses of May). Inside the hermitage, each village has a small altar.
The verdiales day at la ermita de las tres cruces will take place on 8 May 2022
Location of Ermita de las tres cruces
See Verdiales in Axarquia
In Axarquia, several villages have pandas de verdiales. This is a very lively folklore in several villages, which can be seen at many ferias and fiestas. Information can be found on the village pages below:
The most famous villages are (in these pages you will find a link to the festival of each of these villages) :